Pregnant Women With Uncontrolled Diabetes: Common Foetal Anomalie

Original Article

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic illness characterised by elevated blood glucose levels. It is a serious global health concern that is becoming increasingly widespread. When diabetes strikes at a crucial pregnancy period, the effects are more severe.
Objective: Examining typical foetal anomalies in 66 pregnant women with uncontrolled diabetes will draw attention to the negative consequences of improperly managed blood glucose levels throughout pregnancy.
Methodology: The medical records of expectant patients with uncontrolled diabetes who sought prenatal care at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology unit khyber teaching hospital peshawar between 01-March 2020 to -1-March 2022 were reviewed retrospectively in this research. 66 pregnant women with uncontrolled diabetes participated in the trial. Included were women with poorly managed gestational diabetes and pre-existing diabetes at the start of their pregnancies. Women who had well-controlled diabetes and insufficient health information were not included.
Results: The research included a cohort of 66 pregnant women diagnosed with diabetes, with an average age of 29.5 years. The predominant age group among the participants was 30-40 years old, accounting for 34.1% of the total  and their average number of children born was 1.8. Among the women, 60.6% had pre-existing diabetes, whereas 39.4% were diagnosed with gestational diabetes during pregnancy. Most of the abnormalities were classified as mild (31.1%) or moderate (25.8%), with a lesser proportion categorized as severe (15.2%).
Conclusion: According to this study, pregnant diabetic women had a higher likelihood of foetal deformities, mostly cardiac abnormalities. Most anomalies were mild or moderate in kind.